Oral Hygiene and Periodontal Health Status of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients reported in PIMS Islamabad

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate oral hygiene and periodontal health status of Acute Coronary Syndrome patients by using standardized oral hygiene and periodontal indices.

Methodology: A cross sectional study conducted at the Cardiac center and OMFS Department of PIMS hospital Islamabad. The convenience sampling technique was used in which the sample size was calculated to be 300. Either gender, age in-between 40-75 years was included. Smokers, known diabetic, patients having any cardiac procedure <6 months, or Patients reporting periodontal treatment within 3 months were excluded. The data was analyzed by using SPSS software version 23.0. The frequencies and percentages were calculated for categorical variables and mean and standard deviation for continuous variables.

Results: In this study 51% were male and 49% were female. The mean age was 54.55+9.605. It was found that 56% of included participants were living in urban areas and round about 40% belongs to the middle class socioeconomically. On the basis of oral hygiene 74% of participants had poor status. Periodontal health status was also poor as the 38.0% have gingivitis and pocket formation.

Conclusion: In our study majority of acute coronary syndrome patients reported poor oral hygiene and periodontal health status although it is not clear how oral hygiene and poor periodontal health effects cardiovascular changes. To find out the association of cardiovascular disease and periodontal disease and further details of pathogenesis there is much need for clinical evidence based studies.