Association between Maternal Short Stature and Emergency Cesarean Section in Primigravidas

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relationship between mother low stature and the rate of EmCS, therefore filling in a void in the body of knowledge on the effect of height on delivery outcomes in primigravida women.

Methodology: The study concentrated on primigravida women with a height of 150 cm or less who were in their third trimester with a fetus in cephalic presentation.  Participants had to fall between the ages of 15 and 35 years.  Women with numerous gestations, a BMI more than 30 kg/m², pre-existing medical illnesses (e.g., eclampsia, preeclampsia, bleeding disorders, diabetes), and any disease that would affect the result of the study were among the excluded criteria.  Data were gathered by means of clinical assessments, medical records, and interviews; SPSS version 20 was used for analysis.  Among the main factors examined were age, BMI, height, and EmCS incidence.

Results: 61% participants were in the age group of 15–25 and 39% were in the 26–35.  The body mass index (BMI) ranged from less than 27 kg/m² for 55% of the subjects to more than 27 kg/m² for 45%.  Out of the total participants, 18% had an EmCS, whereas 82% gave birth naturally.  With p-values of 0.8962, 0.8832, and 0.9258, respectively, there was no statistically significant correlation between maternal age, BMI and the probability of ECS.

Conclusion: Among primigravida women of shorter stature, 18% had EmCS but there was no statistically significant correlation.  It appears that other characteristics, such the mother's age and BMI, may also significantly influence the necessity of surgical intervention during labor, even though being short in stature may raise the likelihood of specific issues.  In order to decrease difficulties during pregnancy and delivery, the study emphasizes the need for additional research to identify other risk factors and enhance care options for short-statured primigravida women.