Comparison Between Primary and Secondary Implant Stability of Hybrid Versus Resorbable Blast Media (RBM) Surfaces Using Resonance Frequency Analysis

Abstract

Objective: To compared the primary and secondary stability of implant surfaces made of Resorbable Blast Media (RBM) and Hybrid, sandblasted & acid etched (SBA).

Methodology: This randomized controlled trial (registration number NCT06620315) was conducted in the Department of Prosthodontics at the Institute of Dentistry, CMH Lahore Medical College from June to December 2023. A total of 60 patients were randomly assigned to two groups using the lottery method: Group 1 received Hybrid-SBA implants, and Group 2 received RBM implants. Primary implant stability was measured using resonance frequency analysis (Osstell Mentor) at the time of implant placement, and secondary stability was assessed 12 weeks postoperatively. All implants were placed using a non-submerged technique. A chi-square test was applied to compare RFA scores for primary and secondary implant stability between the two implant types.

Results: Results indicated that Hybrid-SBA implants had higher primary (74.33 ± 3.51) and secondary (75.03 ± 3.00) stability compared to RBM implants (primary: 69.20 ± 4.44, secondary: 71.07 ± 3.98). The mean age of patients in the SBA group was 30.7 years (SD = 6.75), while in the RBM group, the mean age was 31.2 years (SD = 6.23). Although statistically significant differences were not found overall, secondary stability was significantly higher in females with Hybrid-SBA implants.

Conclusion: The findings suggest that Hybrid-SBA implants may offer superior stability, likely due to their rougher surface enhancing osseointegration. This study provided insights into the potential long-term success of different implant surfaces, emphasizing the importance of surface treatment in dental Implantology.