Frequency of Iron Deficiency Anemia in 6–60 Months Old Children Presenting with Febrile Seizure

Abstract

Objective: To determine the proportion of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among children aged 6–60 months presenting with febrile seizures.

Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan, from Jan to December, 2024. Children with febrile seizures were evaluated for IDA using hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and serum ferritin levels. Data were collected after obtaining informed written consent from parents/guardians.

Results: Among 116 children with febrile seizures, 60 (51.7%) were aged 6–30 months and 56 (48.3%) were 31–60 months, with a mean age of 28 ± 17.01 months. The mean Hb level was 8 ± 1.46 g/dL, mean MCV was 65 ± 11.13 fL, and mean serum ferritin was 21 ± 2.87 ng/mL. Of the total participants, 68 (58.6%) were males and 48 (41.4%) were females. Iron deficiency was observed in 77 children (66.4%).

Conclusion: This study demonstrates a strong association between iron deficiency anemia and febrile seizures in children. Early detection and management through iron supplementation and dietary modifications may help reduce the incidence of febrile seizures, as IDA is a modifiable risk factor.