Outcomes of Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) Patients with Cardiogenic Shock

Abstract

Objective: To assess the effects of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients who had cardiogenic shock complicating an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methodology: In January 2021–December 2021, 250 STEMI patients who had primary PCI and manifested with cardiogenic shock were included in this prospective observational analysis. Information was gathered on clinical presentation, procedure specifics, demographics, and outcomes, such as major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and in-hospital mortality. With significance set at p<0.05, statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 26.0.

Results: The majority of the patients in the research group were male, and a sizable fraction of them were between the ages of 31 and 60. In-hospital death rates were high overall, and they were especially high for elderly patients rates in the range of 61 to 75 years old reached 25%. Age has a significant influence on outcomes, as seen by the fact that MACE rates likewise rose with age. Patients in severe shock were often placed on mechanical circulatory support, which helped to improve hemodynamic stability. Reduced left ventricular function, multi-vessel disease, advanced age, and delayed presentation were important predictors of death.

Conclusion: The study demonstrates that while primary PCI is essential for managing STEMI patients with cardiogenic shock, high mortality and adverse event rates remain challenging. These findings highlight the need for timely intervention, enhanced support strategies, and the development of tailored management protocols to improve patient outcomes in this high-risk group.